It has also proved itself in chemistry, particularly in fine organic synthesis 25, 26, analytical chemistry 27, catalytic system design 28, 29, and flow chemistry 30, 31, 32.Īdditive manufacturing technologies include several methods, which differ by layer formation principles and scopes of suitable materials. In basic and applied research, 3D printing has already been adapted for the needs of biotechnology 6, 7, 8, 9, energetics 10, 11, optics 12, 13, novel engineering applications 14, 15, 16, pharmaceutics 17 and medicine 18, 19, 20, 21, as well as the development of separation devices 22, sensors 23, and microreactors 24. The advent of 3D printing is sometimes referred to as a new industrial revolution 5. Non-waste, versatile and inexpensive, the additive manufacturing technologies allow rapid and accurate production of prototypes and functional parts. It allows to produce complex parts, manufacturing of which by conventional methods would be time-consuming and expensive its increasing prevalence is associated with the launch of inexpensive desktop 3D printers. Nowadays, 3D printing is actively involved in several areas of materials research and development 1, 2, 3, 4. Developed solvent compatibility charts for a wide range of polymeric materials (ABS, PLA, PLA-Cu, PETG, SBS, Ceramo, HIPS, Primalloy, Photoresin, Nylon, Nylon-C, POM, PE, PP) and solvents represent an important benchmark for practical applications.Īdditive manufacturing technologies become increasingly popular in chemical engineering, digital prototyping, microreactor design, and healthcare device development, among many other areas. Importantly, stability also depends on the layered microstructure of the sample, which is defined by 3D printing parameters. We show that the overall stability and the mode of destruction depend on chemical properties of the polymer and the nature of interactions at the solid-liquid interface. Key factors of tolerance to solvent media were investigated by electron microscopy. Classification and characterization of destruction modes for a wide range of conditions (including geometry and 3D printing parameters) were carried out. Specific modes of resistance/destruction were described for different plastics and their compatibility to a representative scope of solvents (aqueous and organic) was evaluated.
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A simple and universal stability test was developed for 3D printed parts and applied to a variety of thermoplastics. Here we study fundamental interactions at the solid-liquid interface and evaluate polymeric materials towards advanced additive manufacturing. Due to layered type of assembling, 3D-printed surfaces possess rather different properties as compared to bulk surfaces made by other methods.
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Poor stability of 3D printed plastic objects in a number of solvents limits several important applications in engineering, chemistry and biology.